مقام النبي دانيال عليه السلام
IRQ-0004
التعريف
هذا الموضع داخل قلعة كركوك ليس مدفنا مؤكدا ومتفقا عليه للنبي دانيال عليه السلام، وإنما هو مسجد قديم ومقام منسوب حفظته الذاكرة المحلية الإسلامية واليهودية والمسيحية. وتوجد تقاليد أخرى تنسب قبورا إلى دانيال في شوش وشوشتر وسمرقند والموصل وغيرها، ولم تجتمع الجماعات التاريخية على مكان واحد بوصفه قبره الذي لا نزاع فيه. لذلك يعرف سجل كركوك المبنى بأنه موضع مقدس منسوب داخل القلعة.
يقوم المسجد فوق تل القلعة التاريخية في قلب مدينة كركوك. وتنسب الرواية المحلية القبور الموجودة في حرم المسجد إلى دانيال وإلى شخصيات تذكر بأسماء حنانيا وميشائيل وعزريا. وقد جعل موضع القبور والقباب ووجوده ضمن بيئة قبرية قديمة المكان نقطة التقاء لطبقات متعددة من تاريخ المدينة الديني. غير أن هذه النسبة تعبدية متأخرة وليست نتيجة أثرية تثبت هوية الرفات.
تعرف سيرة دانيال أساسا من سفر دانيال، ثم من الأدبيات اليهودية والمسيحية والإسلامية اللاحقة. وتقدمه تلك الروايات إسرائيليا ثابتا عاش في ظل الحكمين البابلي والفارسي، وتميز بالعبادة المنضبطة والحكمة وتعبير الرؤى والأحلام. وحفظ المؤرخون المسلمون أيضا أخبارا عن جسد منسوب إلى دانيال عثر عليه في تستر، لكن تعدد تلك الأخبار أدى إلى كثرة مواضع النسبة ولم يحسم مكان القبر.
ولهذا تبرز قيمة مقام كركوك بوصفه شاهدا على الجغرافيا المقدسة المشتركة للمدينة أكثر من كونه دليلا قاطعا على قبر بعينه. تحمل قلعة كركوك طبقات متتابعة من الذاكرة القديمة واليهودية والمسيحية والإسلامية، وتعكس زيارة جامع دانيال هذا الإرث المركب. ويذكر المكان بالثبات في العبادة والنزاهة تحت الضغط السياسي وبقاء الإيمان في زمن السبي وسلطان الإمبراطوريات.
ينبغي للزائر أن يميز بين الموقع التراثي الثابت وبين دعوى الدفن غير المحسومة. فوجود المسجد داخل قلعة كركوك وارتباطه بهوية المدينة التاريخية أمر واضح، أما نسبته إلى دانيال فهي تقليد محلي محترم يجب عرضه بحذر من غير تحويله إلى يقين لا تسنده الأدلة المتاحة.
الأهمية التاريخية / الدينية
يعد مقام النبي دانيال من أبرز المعالم الدينية داخل قلعة كركوك، وهي تل استيطاني قديم في قلب المدينة. ويحفظ المكان نقطة ظاهرة لالتقاء الذاكرة اليهودية والمسيحية والإسلامية، ويبين كيف ورثت الجماعات المتعاقبة المواضع المقدسة وأعادت تفسيرها.
وتكمن قيمته البحثية في الفصل بين مسألتين: وجود المسجد وأهميته التراثية ثابتان، أما هوية المدفونين فيه فتقوم على النسبة المحلية. ويساعد عرض الطبقتين بأمانة على صون حرمة الأثر من غير المبالغة في قوة الدليل التاريخي.
المراجع
The Book of Daniel
narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.
Tarikh al-Tabari
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pag
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.
Al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya
Ibn Kathir
reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.
Antiquities of the Jews
Flavius Josephus
account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies b
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.
whc.unesco.org
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.
www.kurdistan24.net
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.
alsabaah.iq
Page/Volume: narratives of Daniel under Babylonian and Persian rule; chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and earlier nations; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: reports concerning Daniel and the Tustar tradition; pagination varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Page/Volume: account of Daniel; book/chapter numbering varies by edition | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review. | Article role: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE. Earlier scriptural and Islamic historical sources support Daniel's religious-historical memory but do not establish the Kirkuk burial. UNESCO supports Kirkuk Citadel as the verified heritage location. Regional reporting and Al-Sabah support the presence of the mosque/maqam inside the citadel and its layered local religious tradition. Multiple competing Daniel burial traditions remain, so the burial identity is kept Under Review.