آرامگاه محمد بن سیرین
IRQ-0017
معرفی
آرامگاه ابوبکر محمد بن سیرین بصری، رحمت خدا بر او باد، در همان بنای تاریخی شهر زبیر قرار دارد که قبر حسن بصری را نیز دربر می‌گیرد. این مکان به عنوان مدفن شناخته‌شده یکی از دانشوران بزرگ تابعین بصره زیارت می‌شود. ابن سیرین در حدود سال ۳۳ هجری، برابر با ۶۵۳ یا ۶۵۴ میلادی، در بصره به دنیا آمد و در محیطی رشد کرد که حدیث، فقه، زبان عربی، عبادت و تجارت از مهم‌ترین پایه‌های زندگی شهری بود.
پدرش سیرین از اسیران عین‌التمر بود و سپس با قرارداد آزادی از وابستگی انس بن مالک، خدا از او خشنود باشد، رهایی یافت. مادرش صفیه نیز در منابع زنی صالح و آزادشده‌ای مرتبط با خانه ابوبکر صدیق، خدا از او خشنود باشد، معرفی شده است. این پیشینه خانوادگی نشان می‌دهد که خانواده ابن سیرین از راه آزادی، کار، دانش و تقوا در جامعه نخستین بصره جایگاهی مهم یافت.
او از انس بن مالک، ابن عباس، ابن عمر و گروهی از صحابه و تابعین روایت کرد و دانشورانی چون ایوب سختیانی، عبدالله بن عون، هشام بن حسان و دیگران از او حدیث و فقه آموختند. خانواده او نیز تنها به یک دانشور محدود نبود؛ خواهرش حفصه بنت سیرین از زنان فقیه و قاری و برادرش انس بن سیرین از راویان شناخته‌شده بود. این محیط خانوادگی، خانه سیرین را به یکی از مراکز عبادت، قرآن و دانش در بصره تبدیل کرد.
شهرت ابن سیرین بر دقت در حدیث، ترس از فتوا بدون علم، صداقت در معامله و احتیاط اخلاقی استوار بود. منابع از شوخ‌طبعی طبیعی او نیز یاد کرده‌اند، اما هنگام نقل حدیث چهره و رفتار جدی‌تری داشت. گرفتاری مالی و زندانی شدن او به سبب بدهی نیز در کتاب‌های زندگی‌نامه‌ای آمده است؛ این واقعه نشان می‌دهد که دانشوران نیز با آزمون‌های اقتصادی روبه‌رو می‌شدند و حفظ امانت در شرایط سخت بخشی از شخصیت دینی آنان بود.
نام او در فرهنگ عمومی بیش از همه با تعبیر خواب پیوند یافته است. منابع قدیم توانایی او در فهم بعضی رؤیاها و احتیاط در سخن گفتن درباره آنها را حفظ کرده‌اند، اما همه کتاب‌های مفصل تعبیر خواب که در دوره‌های بعد به نام او چاپ شده‌اند را نمی‌توان بدون بررسی نسخه و سند، نوشته مستقیم او دانست. این تمایز مانع از آن می‌شود که شهرت مردمی، خدمات گسترده‌ترش در حدیث، فقه، اخلاق و تجارت را پنهان کند.
محمد بن سیرین در سال ۱۱۰ هجری، برابر با ۷۲۸ میلادی، در بصره درگذشت؛ همان سالی که حسن بصری نیز وفات یافت، هرچند ترتیب دقیق ماه‌ها در گزارش‌ها متفاوت است. آرامگاه مشترک شهر زبیر یاد این دو دانشور را در یک فضای زیارتی حفظ کرده است. گزارش‌های میراثی معاصر نیز قبر ابن سیرین را در کنار حسن بصری معرفی می‌کنند و این مجموعه را بخشی از تاریخ دینی و فرهنگی بصره می‌دانند.
بنای مشترک، گورستان قدیمی و برج مخروطی منسوب به اواخر دوره عباسی، حافظه دو دانشور بزرگ تابعین را با معماری تاریخی پیوند می‌دهد. برای زائر، این مکان یاد درستکاری، احتیاط در سخن، قرآن، حدیث و کسب حلال است. برای پژوهشگر، هشدار مهمی نیز دارد: باید میان شخصیت تاریخی ابن سیرین و کتاب‌های متأخر منسوب به او تفاوت گذاشت. ارزش اصلی او در دانش، امانت و تأثیرش بر مدرسه علمی بصره است.
اهمیت تاریخی / دینی
محمد بن سیرین رحمة الله علیه از دانشوران بزرگ تابعین در سنت حدیثی، فقهی و اخلاقی بصره بود. امانت، احتیاط در معاملات و شهرتی که با دقت درباره تعبیر خواب از او نقل شد، اثری پایدار در فرهنگ علمی اسلام گذاشت.
آرامگاه مشترک زبیر، قبر او را در کنار حسن بصری حفظ می‌کند. این مجموعه یاد دو دانشور بزرگ بصره را با اثری مهم از معماری دوره عباسی پیوند می‌دهد.
منابع
al-Tabaqat al-Kubra
Ibn Sa'd
Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
Siyar A'lam al-Nubala
al-Dhahabi
Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
Tahdhib al-Kamal
al-Mizzi
Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
Tahdhib al-Tahdhib
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
www.islamweb.net
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
www.islamweb.net
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
masaratiraq.org
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.
archiqoo.com
Page/Volume: Biography of Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Page/Volume: Entry on Muhammad ibn Sirin; pagination varies by edition | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs. | Article role: PRIMARY BURIAL / MAIN BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Classical biographies support his birth around 33 AH, parents, relationship to Anas ibn Malik's household, teachers, students, family of scholars, caution in hadith and fatwa, commercial integrity, debt and imprisonment, and death in 110 AH. The article clearly distinguishes historically reported dream interpretation from later books printed under his name without secure authorship. Masarat and Archiqoo support the recognized shared mausoleum with Hasan al-Basri. Persian and Hindi were expanded from six summaries to seven complete paragraphs.