آرامگاه سید عبدالرحیم مولوی تاوگوزی، رحمت خدا بر او باد
IRQ-SUL-0187
معرفی
این زیارتگاه به آرامگاه سید عبدالرحیم ملا سعیدی تاوگوزی، رحمت خدا بر او باد، منسوب است؛ شاعری که بیشتر با نام مولوی کرد و تخلص معدومی شناخته میشود. او در سال ۱۸۰۶ در ناحیه تاوگوز و در خانوادهای علمی زاده شد و در سال ۱۸۸۲ یا ۱۸۸۳ در ناحیه دربندیخان درگذشت. منابع معتبر او را از برجستهترین شاعران گورانی سده نوزدهم میدانند.
پدرش ملا سعید از مدرسان علوم دینی بود. مولوی در چند مدرسه کردستان علوم عربی، فقه، کلام و ادبیات آموخت و سپس به حلقه نقشبندی شیخ عثمان سراجالدین، رحمت خدا بر او باد، پیوست. سفرها و ارتباطات علمی او فضای دینی و ادبی کردستان ایران و عراق را به یکدیگر نزدیک کرد.
او به کردی، عربی و فارسی اثر آفرید. از مهمترین نوشتههایش میتوان به منظومه عربی «الفضیلة»، منظومه کلامی کردی «العقیدة المرضیة»، اثر فارسی «الفواتح»، رسالهای درباره رابطه و دیوان گورانی او اشاره کرد. شعر دینی او به کلام اشعری و اندیشه صوفیانه توجه ویژه دارد.
غزلهای مولوی یکی از نقطههای اوج سنت شعری گورانی به شمار میروند و عشق، طبیعت، تجربه معنوی، جدایی و اندوه شخصی را با زبانی پخته بیان میکنند. مرثیههای او برای همسرش خاتون عنبر از شناختهشدهترین بخشهای دیوان اوست.
منابع زندگینامهای از کاهش بینایی، نابودی کتابخانه و دشواریهای دیگر سالهای پایانی زندگی او یاد کردهاند. او در سال ۱۸۸۲ یا ۱۸۸۳ در ناحیه دربندیخان درگذشت؛ منابع محلی و جدید محل دفن او را قبرستان اصحابه در سرشاته از ناحیه تاوگوزی، در محدوده دربندیخان، میدانند، جایی که زیارتگاهش به عنوان یادمانی ادبی و معنوی حفظ شده است.
اهمیت تاریخی / دینی
مهمترین جایگاه تاریخی مولوی تاوگوزی، رحمت خدا بر او باد، در دیوانی است که یکی از آخرین دستاوردهای بزرگ کلاسیک شعر گورانی را نمایندگی میکند. شعر او زبان ادبی محلی، سنتهای علمی فارسی و عربی و تجربه صوفیانه را در قالبی هماهنگ گرد آورد.
منظومههای کلامی او همچنین سندی برای شناخت فرهنگ مدرسهای، کلام اشعری و تصوف نقشبندی کردستان در سده نوزدهم است. از این رو آثارش هم برای تاریخ ادبیات و هم برای مطالعه زندگی دینی و فکری کردها اهمیت بنیادی دارد.
زیارتگاه منسوب به او در سرشاته/تاوگوزی، جغرافیای محلی شاعر، میراث مکتوب و حافظه فرهنگی زنده او را به هم پیوند میدهد و به همین سبب مکانی شناختهشده برای زیارت و یادبود ادبی در منطقه است.
منابع
MAWLAWI, ʿAbd-al-Raḥim Maʿdumi (Encyclopaedia Iranica)
Keith Hitchins
online biographical entry, first published 20 July
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
Dīwān-i Mawlawī
Mawlawi; edited by Molla Abd al-Karim Modarres
Baghdad, 1961; pagination varies by edition
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
Tārīkh-e mashāhīr-e Kord
Bābā Mardukh Rūḥānī Shīwā
Vol. I, pp. 466–473
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
Mêjûy edebî Kurdî
Marouf Khaznadar
Vol. III, pp. 351–395
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
www.iranicaonline.org
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
www.mawlawi.krd
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
en.964media.com
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.
kurdishglobe.krd
Page/Volume: online biographical entry, first published 20 July 2009 | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B. | Encyclopaedia Iranica is the principal source for identity, dates, education, Naqshbandi affiliation, writings, family bereavement, blindness, and literary assessment. The edited divan and the cited Kurdish literary histories support the corpus and its place in Gurani literature. Modern/local reporting corroborates the burial in the Ashaba Cemetery at Sarshata, Tawagozi, within Darbandikhan district. Because the current grave attribution is supported chiefly by modern and local evidence rather than an independently verified early burial record, the row is conservatively classified as Level B.