مجموعه تاریخی منسوب به ذوالکفل و آرامگاه حزقیال
IRQ-0006
معرفی
مجموعه تاریخی الکفل هم به عنوان مقام منسوب به ذوالکفل، درود خدا بر او، شناخته میشود و هم در سنت یهودی آرامگاه پیامبر حزقیال به شمار میرود. قرآن ذوالکفل را به صبر و نیکی میستاید، اما نام شخصی، زمان و محل دفن او را مشخص نمیکند. یکی دانستن ذوالکفل و حزقیال، دیدگاهی کهن و مشهور است، ولی میان همه مفسران و تاریخنگاران اجماعی نیست. از این رو بهتر است مکان را مجموعهای مقدس، تاریخی و مشترک معرفی کرد.
ذوالکفل در سورههای انبیا و ص در کنار صابران و نیکان آمده است. ابن کثیر و گروهی از مفسران، سیاق آیات را مؤید پیامبری دانستهاند، در حالی که مجاهد و برخی پیشینیان او را مردی صالح و داوری عادل شمردهاند که مسئولیتی دشوار را پذیرفت و به انجام رساند. در هر دو دیدگاه، صبر، عدالت و وفای به مسئولیت محور اصلی است.
آرامگاه در مجموعه تاریخی مسجد نخلیه در شهر الکفل قرار دارد. گنبد مخروطی، مناره کهن، کتیبههای اسلامی، نوشتههای عبری، بازار سرپوشیده و قبرهای پیرامون، تاریخ چندلایه محل را نشان میدهند. یهودیان عراق آن را قبر حزقیالِ دوران اسارت بابلی میدانستند و مسلمانان آن را با ذوالکفل، مسجد و آثار اسلامی پیوند میدادند.
این مکان قرنها زائران یهودی و مسلمان را پذیرفته و معماری دورههای گوناگون را در خود نگه داشته است. در سال دو هزار و ده، هیئت دولتی آثار باستانی و میراث عراق، مکان الکفل را به فهرست موقت یونسکو پیشنهاد کرد و آن را مجموعهای برای تلاقی سنتهای دینی و حافظههای فرهنگی دانست. ثبت در فهرست موقت، نامزدی دولت مربوط را بازتاب میدهد و تأیید مستقل یونسکو درباره هویت پیامبرانه مکان نیست. از این رو در مرمت و اداره جدید، حفاظت از نوشتههای عبری، عناصر معماری اسلامی و ماهیت میراث مشترک اهمیت ویژه دارد.
زائر باید بداند که یکی دانستن ذوالکفل قرآنی و حزقیال کتاب مقدس، نظری محترم ولی مورد اختلاف است. این تردید از ارزش بنا نمیکاهد؛ بلکه اهمیت آن را برای تاریخ اسارت بابلی، یهودیت عراق، زیارت اسلامی، معماری و حافظه مشترک روشن میکند.
پیام اخلاقی مکان، مسئولیت و امانت است. روایت ذوالکفل بر پذیرفتن وظیفه و انجام عادلانه آن تأکید میکند و یاد حزقیال امید در تبعید و سختی جمعی را زنده میسازد. این مجموعه درس حفظ ایمان، انصاف و حافظه در شرایط دشوار است.
اهمیت تاریخی / دینی
الکفل یکی از برجستهترین نمونههای میراث دینی مشترک عراق است؛ جایی که یاد قرآنی، اسارت بابلی، تاریخ یهودیان عراق و زیارت اسلامی در یک مجموعه گرد آمدهاند.
گنبد مخروطی، مناره تاریخی، کتیبههای چندزبانه و بازار کهن، آن را به نشانهای مهم از تاریخ شهری و معماری بابل تبدیل کردهاند. حضور در فهرست موقت یونسکو، نامزدی میراثی عراق را ثبت و اهمیت گسترده مکان را برجسته میکند، اما تأیید مستقل هویت آن نیست.
مکان میآموزد که اختلاف در هویت، مانع حفاظت مسئولانه نیست و مرمت باید با احترام به تنوع دینی و حفظ عناصر عبری و اسلامی انجام شود.
منابع
The Holy Qur'an
Divine Revelation
21:85-86; 38:48
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
Tafsir al-Tabari
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by ed
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Ismail Ibn Kathir
commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pa
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
Al-Jami li-Ahkam al-Qur'an
Abu Abdullah al-Qurtubi
commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by ed
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
The History of Ezekiel's Tomb in Iraq
Alex Shams
modern heritage study, 2019
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
The Site of Thilkifl
Iraq State Board of Antiquities and Heritage
UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
whc.unesco.org
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
ajammc.com
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
archive.diarna.org
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.
alsabaah.iq
ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: commentary on 21:85 and account of Dhu al-Kifl; pagination varies by edition | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity. | Page/Volume: UNESCO Tentative List submission 5497, submitted 2010 | ARTICLE ROLE: SECONDARY ATTRIBUTED PLACE / SHARED HERITAGE COMPLEX. The Qur'an securely establishes Dhu al-Kifl as a praised righteous figure, while classical tafsir differs over prophethood and identity. Jewish Iraqi tradition identifies the tomb as Ezekiel's; the equation of Dhu al-Kifl with Ezekiel is influential but not unanimous. Iraq's State Board of Antiquities and Heritage, heritage studies and Iraqi sources support the historic Al-Nukhailah complex, architecture and shared Muslim-Jewish significance. The UNESCO page reproduces Iraq's State Party Tentative List submission and is not independent UNESCO authentication of the prophetic identity.