Abu Bakr al-Siddiq’s Remark About the Unborn Daughter of Bint Kharija

Companion karamahRevelation or foretellingHistorical outcomeLater manaqib accounts
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A report in Malik’s al-Muwatta records that, during his final illness, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, told Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, that the unborn child carried by Bint Kharija was, in his judgment, a girl, saying: “araha jariyatan” — “I think she is a girl.” An early recension of the Muwatta adds that a girl was later born, while al-Lalaka’i identifies her as Umm Kulthum and explicitly treats the fulfilled intuition as a karamah. The report should remain a fulfilled intuition, not be presented as Prophetic revelation, independent knowledge of the unseen, or a medical prediction.

During the final illness of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him,, he spoke to his daughter Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, about property he had previously given her. Because she had not taken possession of it, he explained that it would now belong to his heirs. In that conversation he referred to Aisha’s brothers and sisters. Aisha, knowing of her sister Asma, asked who the other sister was.

Abu Bakr then referred to the unborn child being carried by Bint Kharija and said: “araha jariyatan” — “I think she is a girl.” Malik’s al-Muwatta preserves this statement through Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, from Urwa ibn al-Zubayr, from Aisha. The report is therefore an early stopped narration from Aisha about Abu Bakr’s own words, and Shu'ayb al-Arna'ut later graded its chain sahih.

The significant point in the report is what happened afterward. In the recension of the Muwatta transmitted by Muhammad al-Shaybani, the narration continues by stating that a girl was born. Al-Lalaka’i preserves the same event in his section on the karamat of the Companions. He identifies Bint Kharija as Habiba bint Kharija, states that she was pregnant when Abu Bakr died, and says that she later gave birth to Umm Kulthum. Classical biographical material also identifies Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr as the daughter of Habiba bint Kharija and notes that Abu Bakr died while her mother was pregnant with her.

Al-Lalaka’i does more than preserve the outcome. He explicitly describes Abu Bakr’s accurate judgment and its fulfillment as a karamah granted by Allah. Ibn Abd al-Barr, commenting on the wording, describes Abu Bakr’s statement as a judgment or supposition so strong that it was like certainty. That classical interpretation helps define the event without changing Abu Bakr’s own wording.

The evidence therefore supports a clear sequence: during his final illness, Abu Bakr expressed the judgment that the unborn child would be a girl; early and classical sources preserve that a girl was subsequently born; and later Sunni scholarship treated the fulfilled intuition as a karamah. The sources do not record Abu Bakr claiming Prophetic revelation, independent knowledge of the unseen, or any medical method for determining the child’s sex. The public account should preserve that distinction: the extraordinary feature is the accurately fulfilled pre-birth intuition as transmitted and interpreted within the classical sources.

Conclusion

The verified sources preserve Abu Bakr al-Siddiq’s pre-birth judgment that the child carried by Bint Kharija would be a girl, followed by reports that a girl was indeed born. Classical Sunni scholarship treated this fulfilled intuition as a karamah while preserving it as Abu Bakr’s judgment rather than revelation.

Sources

Malik, al-Muwatta, Bab ma la yajuzu min al-nihal, report 2783 in Zayed edition / 1373 Harf numbering
Malik, al-Muwatta, same report
Malik, al-Muwatta, same report: ذو بطن بنت خارجة أراها جارية
Malik, al-Muwatta, Islamweb numbering 1474
Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa from Aisha
Shuayb al-Arnaut, Takhrij Sharh al-Sunna 2204: isnaduhu sahih
al-Bayhaqi, al-Sunan al-Kubra 12070
Malik, al-Muwatta, recension of Muhammad al-Shaybani, report 806: فولدت جارية
al-Lalaka’i, Sharh Usul I‘tiqad Ahl al-Sunna, section on Abu Bakr, report 63
al-Lalaka’i, same passage after report 63
Ibn Abd al-Barr, al-Istidhkar, commentary on the Muwatta report
al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, entry Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr
al-Lalaka’i, report 63 and author comment
Islamweb lexical note summarizing Arabic usage of أراها as أظنها
CAND-0104 Task 1 evidence synthesis