جعفر بن عقیل علیه السلام
🌿 نسب و پیشینه خانوادگی
فرزند عقیل بن ابیطالب رضی الله عنه، نوه ابوطالب، برادرزاده امام علی علیه السلام و پسرعموی امام حسین علیه السلام. گزارشهای نسبی درباره مادر او متفاوتاند؛ از امالثغر بنت عامر کلابیه و نام دیگری یاد شده است، بنابراین نسب کامل مادری قطعی نیست.
⚔️ نقش در نهضت کربلا
عضوی هاشمی از بنی عقیل و پسرعموی امام حسین علیه السلام که در کنار اهل بیت جنگید و در روز عاشورا به شهادت رسید.
جعفر بن عقیل علیه السلام به شاخه عقیلی بنیهاشم تعلق داشت. او فرزند عقیل بن ابیطالب رضی الله عنه، نوه ابوطالب، برادرزاده امام علی علیه السلام و پسرعموی امام حسین علیه السلام بود. منابع نسبی درباره مادر او اتفاق ندارند. بعضی آثار امالثغر بنت عامر بن هضاب کلابیه را نام میبرند، در حالی که گزارشهای دیگر شناسایی متفاوتی حفظ کردهاند. از این رو درست نیست یک نام مادری یا قبیله را بدون اختلاف قطعی دانست. جعفر به خانوادهای تعلق داشت که در نهضت حسینی چندین جان تقدیم کرد. برادرش مسلم بن عقیل علیه السلام پیش از عاشورا در کوفه به عنوان نماینده امام حسین به شهادت رسیده بود و فرزندان و نوادگان دیگری از عقیل در کربلا حضور داشتند. این زمینه خانوادگی، مشارکت جعفر را بخشی از وفاداری جمعی بنی عقیل میسازد. منابع آغازین با اطمینان ثبت نمیکنند که جعفر از مدینه همراه کاروان حرکت کرد، در مکه پیوست یا در مرحله دیگری به امام رسید. آنچه با قدرت حفظ شده، حضور او در سپاه حسینی و شهادتش در روز عاشوراست. گزارشهای کهن درباره قاتل جعفر یکسان نیستند. صورت ویرایششده روایت ابومخنف و طبری، عبدالله بن عذاره یا عروه خثعمی را تیرانداز معرفی میکند و مقاتل الطالبیین نیز عروه بن عبدالله خثعمی را نام میبرد. صورتی دیگر در طبری و فهرستهای زیارتی، بشر بن حوط همدانی را ذکر میکنند، در حالی که کتاب تسمیه نام عبدالله بن عمرو خثعمی را آورده است. بنابراین پروفایل این اختلاف را حفظ میکند و نسبت قتل به یک نفر را قطعی نمیسازد. ادبیات مقتل متأخر، رجزهایی را به جعفر نسبت میدهد و شمار مشخصی از جنگجویان دشمن را که او کشته است ذکر میکند. گزارش کوتاه آغازین این جزئیات نبرد را با همان روشنی ثبت نکرده، بنابراین برای اثبات شجاعت او از اعداد نامطمئن استفاده نشده است. نام او در فهرستهای زیارتی، مقاتل الطالبیین، ارشاد و دیگر فهرستهای شهدای کربلا آمده است. این حضور تکرارشونده در فهرستها، وضعیت منبعی اصلی را پشتیبانی میکند، هرچند مادر، قاتل و ترتیب دقیق میدان محل اختلاف باقی میمانند. این پروفایل محل جمعی شهدای کربلا را به ارث میبرد و برای جعفر قبر جداگانه یا زیارتگاه مستقل ادعا نمیکند. یاد او زنجیره وفاداری میان بنی عقیل، خاندان ابوطالب و امام حسین را از فداکاری کوفه تا شهادتهای کربلا حفظ میکند.
🏛️ اهمیت تاریخی
اهمیت جعفر بن عقیل علیه السلام در تداوم وفاداری حسینی بنی عقیل است. خانواده او در هر دو مرحله نهضت، با مسلم بن عقیل در کوفه و چند شهید هاشمی در کربلا فداکاری کرد. هویت اصلی و شهادت او در فهرستهای شناختهشده استوار است، اما منابع کهن و متأخر درباره مادر، قاتل و جزئیات نبرد اختلاف دارند. پروفایل این تفاوتها را حفظ میکند و رجز، شمار کشتهها یا نسبت دادن قتل به یک فرد مورد اختلاف را به تاریخ قطعی تبدیل نمیسازد. محل مشترک کربلا یاد او را در کنار شهدای هاشمی حفظ میکند. زندگینامه او ارزش شواهد فهرست نامها را نشان میدهد؛ جایی که خبری کوتاه از زمینه گسترده خانواده، وفاداری و نهضت معنایی عمیق میگیرد.
📚 منابع
Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk
Maqatil al-Talibiyyin — Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani
vol. 5, Karbala household-martyr reports; pagination varies by edition
vol. 1, p. 61 in the cited digital edition
al-Irshad
Tasmiyat man Qutila ma'a al-Husayn ibn Ali — al-Shaykh al-Mufid
al-Fudayl ibn al-Zubayr al-Kufi
Karbala martyr section; pagination varies by edition
vol. 1, p. 25 in the cited digital edition
Ja'far's recurring presence in al-Tabari, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, al-Irshad and martyr lists supports core status. Maqatil gives his mother as Umm al-Thaghr bint Amir and also preserves another maternal form; Tasmiyat and other transmitted forms differ. Killer attributions also conflict: Abdullah ibn Azarah or Urwah al-Khath'ami, Bishr ibn Hawt al-Hamdani, and Abdullah ibn Amr al-Khath'ami all appear in recognized transmissions. The prior unsupported attribution to Khalid ibn Asad al-Juhani was removed because it appears to belong to a different Aqili martyr in the cited material.
مشاهده زیارتگاه / مقام مرتبط — حرم امام حسین بن علی علیه السلام
جامع الترمذي
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
مسند أحمد بن حنبل
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
تاريخ الرسل والملوك
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
أنساب الأشراف
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
الإرشاد في معرفة حجج الله على العباد
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
مقتل الحسين
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
🌹 همه ۷۴ پروفایل
📜این گزارشها چگونه به ما رسیدهاند؟ — توضیح کوتاه را باز کنید
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