حضرت عائذ بن مجمّع رضیاللهعنه
🌿 نسب و پیشینه خانوادگی
فرزند حضرت مجمّع بن عبدالله عائذی رضیاللهعنه و منسوب به عائذالله بن سعدالعشیره از مذحج بود.
⚔️ نقش در نهضت کربلا
شهیدی عائذی و مذحجی از کربلا که در سنت یاری امام حسین علیهالسلام همراه پدرش حضرت مجمّع رضیاللهعنه یاد شده است.
حضرت عائذ بن مجمّع رضیاللهعنه فرزند حضرت مجمّع بن عبدالله عائذی رضیاللهعنه بود. وابستگی قبیلهای او به عائذالله بن سعدالعشیره، شاخهای از مذحج، میرسید. فهرستهای شهدای کربلا و آثار شرححال متأخر، نام او را در کنار پدرش بهعنوان یاور وفادار امام حسین علیهالسلام و شهید کربلا حفظ کردهاند. در ابصارالعین آمده است که عائذ همراه پدرش به سوی امام حسین علیهالسلام حرکت کرد و در راه به ایشان پیوست. همین جمعبندی آنان را در ماجرایی قرار میدهد که گروه حر بن یزید با یاران تازهرسیده رویاروی شد و امام حسین از آنان حمایت کرد. گزارش کهن ابومخنف چهار تازهوارد را بهصورت جمعی وصف میکند، اما نویسندگان متأخر با افزودن عائذ و دو مولی، شمار افراد را به شیوههای متفاوت توضیح دادهاند؛ ازاینرو جایگاه تفصیلی عائذ را باید شناسایی متأخری دانست که پشتوانهای قابل توجه دارد. زمینهٔ تاریخی این سفر در گزارش هوشمندانهٔ حضرت مجمّع رضیاللهعنه به امام حسین علیهالسلام در عذیبالهجانات آشکار میشود. او گفت بزرگان کوفه با پرداختهای حکومتی و منفعتطلبی متحد شدهاند، در حالی که دلهای مردم عادی به امام متمایل است ولی شمشیرهایشان بهزودی بر ضد ایشان کشیده خواهد شد. یاد عائذ با انتخابی خانوادگی پیوند دارد که در آن بینش سیاسی پدر و همراهی عملی پسر در یک مسیر قرار گرفت. آثار متأخر مقتل و شرححال برای شهادت عائذ در عاشورا دو جایگاه نزدیک به هم نقل میکنند. یک گزارش او را از شهدای حملهٔ نخست میشمارد و گزارشی دیگر شهادتش را همراه پدرش در مرحلهای قرار میدهد که مجمّع و یارانش در کنار یکدیگر جنگیدند. هر دو نقل بر شهادت عائذ اتفاق دارند، هرچند نام او در همهٔ نسخههای گزارش کهن نبرد در یک جایگاه نیامده است. بنابراین هستهٔ استوار هویت تاریخی عائذ بر سه نکته قرار دارد: او فرزند مجمّع و از عائذِ مذحج بود، در سنت رسیدهٔ یاری امام حسین جای دارد و در شمار شهدای کربلاست. تفاوت در ترتیب سفر و صحنهٔ نبرد این هویت را از میان نمیبرد؛ بلکه نشان میدهد فهرستهای نام و روایتهای پیوستهٔ رویدادها باید در دو سطح جداگانهٔ شواهد سنجیده شوند. این پرونده با جایگاه جمعی شهدای کربلا پیوند دارد. یاد حضرت عائذ رضیاللهعنه نمونهای مهم از وفاداری آگاهانهٔ یک خانواده، انتخاب اخلاقی مشترک میان دو نسل و عرضهٔ صادقانهٔ شخصیت تاریخیای است که اصل هویتش از همهٔ جزئیات سفر پایانی و نبردش روشنتر است.
🏛️ اهمیت تاریخی
اهمیت تاریخی حضرت عائذ رضیاللهعنه در وفاداری مشترک پدر و پسر به نهضت حسینی است. یاد او نشان میدهد که یاری کربلا میتوانست تصمیم اخلاقی آگاهانهٔ دو نسل از یک خانواده باشد. نام او، پیوندش با مجمّع و شهادتش در فهرستها و آثار شرححال استوار است، اما ترتیب دقیق سفر و نبرد بر شواهدی با درجات متفاوت تکیه دارد. حفظ این تمایز هم احترام و هم روش تاریخی را پاس میدارد. پیوند او با جایگاه جمعی شهدای کربلا، یادش را در کنار پدر و دیگر شهدا نگه میدارد.
📚 منابع
Tasmiyat man qutila ma'a al-Husayn ibn Ali — al-Fudayl ibn al-Zubayr al-Kufi
martyr-name list; pagination varies by edition
Ibsar al-Ayn fi Ansar al-Husayn
Ansar al-Husayn: Dirasah an Shuhada Thawrat al-Husayn — Muhammad al-Samawi
Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din
pp. 145-146
p. 198 n. 2 (PDF pp. 192-193)
The early Tasmiyat roster explicitly names A'idh immediately after his father Mujamma among the martyrs, so the main identity, father-son relationship, and Karbala martyrdom are core rather than merely variant. Ibsar al-Ayn places A'idh with his father on the journey and records two later placements for his martyrdom: the first assault or death with his father in the opening phase. The surviving Abu Mikhnaf continuous narrative names Mujamma, Amr ibn Khalid, Jabir ibn al-Harith, and Sa'd in the four-man combat, while later syntheses count A'idh differently. The profile therefore keeps source_status core and research_level Level B, distinguishing the secure identity from the disputed itinerary and battle sequence.
مشاهده زیارتگاه / مقام مرتبط — حرم امام حسین بن علی علیه السلام
جامع الترمذي
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
مسند أحمد بن حنبل
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
تاريخ الرسل والملوك
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
أنساب الأشراف
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
الإرشاد في معرفة حجج الله على العباد
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
مقتل الحسين
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
🌹 همه ۷۴ پروفایل
📜این گزارشها چگونه به ما رسیدهاند؟ — توضیح کوتاه را باز کنید
این اطلس هیچ گزارشی را صرفاً به سبب وابستگی مذهبی نویسنده نمیپذیرد یا رد نمیکند. ابومخنف از گردآورندگان نخستین کوفه بود و مطالب او را مورخان عمومی مسلمان، مانند طبری، نیز حفظ کردهاند؛ شیخ مفید دانشمندی امامی بود که در الارشاد از منابع تاریخی پیشین بهره گرفت. هر ادعا پس از بررسی نزدیکی زمانی، مسیر نقل، وابستگی به منبع مشترک و مقایسه با آثار دیگر ارائه میشود.
سیر تاریخی منابع، راویان و کتابها را بخوانید