हज़रत सुवैद इब्न अम्र इब्न अबी अल-मुता रज़ियल्लाहु अन्हु
🌿 वंश और पारिवारिक पृष्ठभूमि
वे ख़सअम इब्न अनमार और दक्षिणी अरब की क़बीलाई पृष्ठभूमि से जुड़े थे। उनका नाम सुवैद इब्न अम्र इब्न अबी अल-मुता, सुवैद इब्न अम्र अल-ख़सअमी और संक्षेप में सुवैद इब्न अल-मुता के रूप में मिलता है। उनकी माता, पत्नी और संतान के नाम निश्चित रूप से सुरक्षित नहीं हैं।
⚔️ कर्बला आंदोलन में भूमिका
इमाम हुसैन अलैहिस्सलाम के अंतिम दृढ़ साथियों में से एक; गंभीर रूप से घायल होकर मृतकों के बीच पड़े रहे, इमाम की शहादत की खबर सुनकर फिर उठे और अंतिम संघर्ष में शहीद हुए।
हज़रत सुवैद इब्न अम्र इब्न अबी अल-मुता रज़ियल्लाहु अन्हु ख़सअम या अनमार क़बीले से संबंधित थे। ऐतिहासिक ग्रंथों में उनका नाम सुवैद इब्न अम्र अल-ख़सअमी, सुवैद इब्न अम्र इब्न अबी अल-मुता और कभी संक्षेप में सुवैद इब्न अल-मुता के रूप में सुरक्षित है। बाद की जीवनियों में उन्हें सम्मानित, उपासक, अधिक नमाज़ पढ़ने वाला और युद्ध में अनुभवी बताया गया है। इन गुणों का सामान्य अर्थ उनके अंतिम संघर्ष से मेल खाता है, लेकिन उपलब्ध स्रोत उनकी जन्म-तिथि, आयु, परिवार और पहले के युद्धों का पूरा विवरण निश्चित रूप से सुरक्षित नहीं रखते। आशूरा के अंतिम चरण में सुवैद रज़ियल्लाहु अन्हु उन बहुत थोड़े साथियों में थे जो अभी इमाम हुसैन अलैहिस्सलाम के साथ मौजूद थे। कुछ विवरण बिश्र इब्न अम्र अल-हद्रमी का नाम भी उनके साथ लेते हैं, लेकिन बिश्र के ठहरने या चले जाने संबंधी अलग कथाओं के कारण अंतिम साथियों की क्रम-व्यवस्था में कुछ अंतर मिलता है। सुवैद ने कठोर युद्ध किया, गंभीर घाव खाए और मृतकों के बीच गिर पड़े। शत्रु ने उन्हें मृत समझकर उनका हथियार ले लिया। वे बेहोश या बहुत थोड़ी जान के साथ पड़े रहे, इसलिए उनका पहला गिरना शहादत नहीं बल्कि अत्यंत गंभीर घायल होना समझना चाहिए। जब उन्होंने शत्रु को यह घोषणा करते सुना कि इमाम हुसैन अलैहिस्सलाम शहीद कर दिए गए हैं, तो उनमें फिर हरकत आई। तलवार न मिलने पर उन्होंने, वर्णन के अनुसार, एक छोटी छुरी या हाथ के हथियार से दोबारा आक्रमण किया। यह घटना तबरी और बलाज़ुरी से जुड़ी ऐतिहासिक परंपरा में सुरक्षित है और उनकी जीवनी का सबसे मजबूत भाग है। उन्होंने घायल अवस्था में कुछ समय युद्ध किया, फिर शत्रु उन पर टूट पड़ा और उन्हें शहीद कर दिया। हत्यारों के नाम अलग पाठों में उर्वा इब्न बत्तान या बतार अल-सअलबी और ज़ैद इब्न रक़ाद अल-जनबी, अल-जुहनी या अल-तग़लिबी के रूप में आते हैं। इस अभिलेख में इन रूपों में से किसी एक को बिना सावधानी पूर्णतः निश्चित नहीं माना गया। इस विवरण के कारण उन्हें प्रायः इमाम हुसैन अलैहिस्सलाम के साथियों में अंतिम शहीद कहा जाता है, क्योंकि वे इमाम की शहादत की खबर सुनने के बाद उठे और फिर मारे गए। इस कथन को साथियों की कथा के संदर्भ में समझना अधिक उचित है, न कि अहल अल-बैत के सभी शहीदों और मैदान के प्रत्येक मृतक पर लागू पूर्ण कालक्रम के रूप में। बाद की ज़ियारती भाषा में कभी उन्हें दो बार शहीद होने वाला कहा जाता है, पर यह रूपक है। पहली बार उन्हें केवल मृत समझा गया था; वास्तविक शहादत अंतिम युद्ध में हुई। शोधपरक लेख में इस अंतर को स्पष्ट रखना आवश्यक है। यह प्रोफ़ाइल साझा कर्बला शहीद-स्थान से भौगोलिक संबंध रखती है और सुवैद के लिए अलग क़ब्र, स्वतंत्र मज़ार या अलग नक़्शा-चिह्न सिद्ध नहीं करती। उनकी स्मृति अंतिम निष्ठा और जागरूक प्रतिरोध का असाधारण उदाहरण है; इमाम की शहादत सुनने के बाद भी वे बची हुई शक्ति के साथ उठे और फिर लड़े।
🏛️ ऐतिहासिक महत्व
सुवैद रज़ियल्लाहु अन्हु का ऐतिहासिक महत्त्व उनकी अंतिम चेतना-प्राप्ति और फिर से युद्ध करने में है। यह विवरण निष्ठा को केवल इमाम के जीवन में सेवा तक सीमित नहीं करता, बल्कि इमाम की शहादत की घोषणा के बाद भी सत्य के लिए प्रतिरोध के रूप में प्रस्तुत करता है। तबरी और बलाज़ुरी से जुड़ी परंपरा गंभीर घाव, मृतकों के बीच पड़े रहने, छोटे हथियार से फिर लड़ने और अंतिम शहादत का मजबूत ढाँचा देती है। हत्यारों के नाम और क़बीलाई संबद्धताओं में पाठांतर को स्पष्ट रूप से सुरक्षित रखा गया है। कर्बला का साझा स्थान उनकी स्मृति को सभी साथियों के साथ सुरक्षित रखता है। उनकी जीवनी रूपक और इतिहास का अंतर भी समझाती है: वे वास्तव में दो बार शहीद नहीं हुए; पहली बार उन्हें मृत समझा गया और अंतिम संघर्ष में वास्तविक शहादत प्राप्त हुई।
📚 संदर्भ
Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk
Ansab al-Ashraf — Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
Ahmad ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri
Karbala account; pagination varies by edition
Karbala account; pagination varies by edition
Tasmiyat man qutila ma'a al-Husayn ibn Ali
Nafas al-Mahmum — al-Fudayl ibn al-Zubayr al-Kufi
Shaykh Abbas al-Qummi
Entry 58 on Suwayd ibn Amr ibn al-Muta'; printed edition p. 153
Chapter on the martyrdom of Suwayd and the companions; pagination varies by edition
The Abu Mikhnaf report preserved by al-Tabari, with a parallel report in Ansab al-Ashraf, supports Suwayd's severe wounding, lying among the dead, hearing that Imam Husayn had been killed, renewed combat with a knife after his sword had been taken, and final martyrdom. Those reports name Urwa ibn Batar or Battan al-Taghlibi and Zayd ibn Riqad al-Janbi in variant forms. Tasmiyat preserves Suwayd independently in the martyr list but attributes his death to Hani ibn Thubayt al-Hadrami. The phrase 'last martyr' is restricted to the companions' narrative and is not made an absolute order covering every Hashimite martyr or every casualty. The later phrase 'martyred twice' is treated as a devotional metaphor because the first fall was grave wounding, not death. The shared-parent location does not establish a separate grave.
संबद्ध रौज़ा / मक़ाम देखें — इमाम हुसैन इब्न अली अलैहिस्सलाम का रौज़ा
جامع الترمذي
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
مسند أحمد بن حنبل
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
تاريخ الرسل والملوك
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
أنساب الأشراف
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
الإرشاد في معرفة حجج الله على العباد
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
مقتل الحسين
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
imamhussain.org
ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: أخبار الحسين وكربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented. | Page/Volume: الروايات المبكرة عن كربلاء؛ الصفحات تختلف باختلاف الطبعات | ARTICLE ROLE: PRIMARY BURIAL/MAIN RECORD. The complete Medina, Mecca, Karbala journey, Ashura, family, martyrdom, shrine history and seventy-four-profile directory content were preserved. Family enumeration and detailed maqtal sequences remain source-qualified. Persian and Hindi were rebuilt under V4.7 to match all eleven English paragraphs, including the final shrine and directory sections. No PER code was invented.
🌹 सभी 74 प्रोफ़ाइल
📜ये विवरण हम तक कैसे पहुँचे? — संक्षिप्त स्पष्टीकरण खोलें
यह एटलस किसी विवरण को केवल लेखक की धार्मिक परंपरा के आधार पर स्वीकार या अस्वीकार नहीं करता। अबू मिखनफ़ कूफ़ा के आरंभिक संकलकों में थे और उनकी सामग्री को तबरी जैसे व्यापक मुस्लिम इतिहासकारों ने भी सुरक्षित रखा; शैख मुफ़ीद इमामी विद्वान थे जिन्होंने अल-इरशाद में पहले की ऐतिहासिक सामग्री का उपयोग किया। प्रत्येक दावे को कालिक निकटता, वर्णन-श्रृंखला, साझा मूल स्रोत पर निर्भरता और अन्य ग्रंथों से तुलना के बाद प्रस्तुत किया जाता है।
स्रोतों, रावियों और पुस्तकों की ऐतिहासिक यात्रा पढ़ें